First Release

Year: LIX.
Zagreb, 05 April 2022
PSZ-2022-2-1

ISSN 1334-0557

PERPETRATORS OF MISDEMEANOUR, BY TYPE OF MISDEMEANOUR, 2021

In 2021, there were 95 436 accused adult perpetrators of misdemeanours, which represents an increase of 16.1% compared to 2020, while the number of those found guilty increased by 19.4% compared to the previous year.

The number of accused juvenile perpetrators of misdemeanours amounted to 1 885 in 2021, which represents a decrease of 2.1% compared to 2020, while the number of those found guilty increased by 5.9% compared to the previous year.

In 2021, there were 12 145 accused legal entities – perpetrators of misdemeanours, which represents an increase of 4.3% compared to 2020, while the number of those recognised as responsible increased by 10.7% compared to the previous year.

The number of accused persons in charge – perpetrators of misdemeanours amounted to 9 087 in 2021, which means it decreased by 13.5% compared to 2020, while the number of those who were found guilty decreased by 5.8% compared to the previous year.

Adult perpetrators of misdemeanours committed most misdemeanours in the field of safety in traffic (49.8%) and juvenile perpetrators in the field of public order and peace and general safety (54.0%). Legal entities committed most misdemeanours in the field of economy (45.5%), while persons in charge most often committed misdemeanours in the field of finance (51.4%).

1 MISDEMEANOUR PERPETRATORS

        Adult Juvenile Legal entities and persons in charge
Accused Found guilty Accused Found guilty Legal entities Persons in charge
Accused Found responsible Accused Found guilty
2020 82 186 67 067 1 926 34 11 639 7 935 10 505 7 696
2021 95 436 80 070 1 885 36 12 145 8 788 9 087 7 253
Indices
2021
2020
116,1 119,4 97,9 105,9 104,3 110,7 86,5 94,2

G-1 ACCUSED ADULT PERSONS, BY TYPE OF MISDEMEANOUR, 2021

2. DECISIONS MADE BY COMPETENT MISDEMEANOUR BODIES AND PRONOUNCED SANCTIONS, BY TYPE OF MISDEMEANOUR, 2021

         Total Type of misdemeanour
Public order and peace and general safety Safety of road traffic Economy Financial activities
Adult persons          
Total 95 436 26 350 47 565 8 615 12 906
Women 16 934 4 480 7 769 2 599 2 086
Not found guilty 15 366 4 984 6 904 3 007 471
Women 3 975 1 244 1 539 1 047 145
Terminated proceeding 435 142 134 70 89
Judgement rejecting charges 3 607 1 157 1 083 1 160 207
Judgement of acquittal 11 324 3 685 5 687 1 777 175
Found guilty 80 070 21 366 40 661 5 608 12 435
Women 12 959 3 236 6 230 1 552 1 941
Imprisonment – total 5 171 3 355 1 816 - -
Suspended 3 786 2 640 1 146 - -
Fine 70 050 17 358 35 493 4 825 12 374
Admonition 3 592 239 2 951 401 1
Found guilty, but no penal sentence 1 257 414 401 382 60
Security measure applied 12 753 2 284 10 461 3 5
Juvenile persons          
Total 1 885 1 018 811 56 -
Female persons 220 142 64 14 -
Not found guilty 1 849 997 797 55 -
Female persons 220 142 64 14 -
Terminated proceeding 281 192 81 8 -
Not found guilty but educational and/or  security measure applied 1 568 805 716 47 -
Found guilty 36 21 14 1 -
Female persons - - - - -
Juvenile imprisonment 9 5 4 - -
Suspended 8 4 4 - -
Fine 27 16 10 1 -
Educational measure applied 1 564 802 715 47 -
Of that, with security measure 42 10 32 - -
Female persons 171 108 51 12 -
Reprimand 1 361 656 658 47 -
Special obligations 191 142 49 - -
Assignment to disciplinary centre 12 4 8 - -
Security measure applied 53 17 36 - -
Female persons 4 4 - - -
Of that, with educational measure 42 10 32 - -
Of that, with sentence 7 4 3 - -
Legal entities and persons in charge          
Total ‒ Legal entities 12 145 390 957 5 527 5 271
Legal entities not found responsible 3 357 100 313 2 283 661
Proceedings terminated 882 12 14 447 409
Judgement rejecting charges 1 472 47 52 1 223 150
Judgement of acquittal 1 003 41 247 613 102
Legal entities found  responsible 8 788 290 644 3 244 4 610
Fine 8 216 272 555 2 835 4 554
Admonition 16 - 10 5 1
Found responsible  but no penal sentence 556 18 79 404 55
Security measure applied 2 - - 1 1
Total – Persons in charge 9 087 137 374 3 902 4 674
Women 2 309 20 47 1 040 1 202
Persons in charge not found guilty 1 834 49 116 1 357 312
Women 454 8 8 352 86
Proceedings terminated 147 2 1 41 103
Judgement rejecting charges 1 082 24 22 932 104
Judgement of acquittal 605 23 93 384 105
Persons in charge found guilty 7 253 88 258 2 545 4 362
Women 1 855 12 39 688 1 116
Fine 6 875 75 213 2 266 4 321
Admonition 27 1 16 8 2
Found guilty but no penal sentence 351 12 29 271 39
Security measure applied 1 - - 1 -

G-2  JUVENILES, BY PRONOUNCED SENTENCES, 2021

Types of pronounced sentences

Types of educational measures applied

Types of security measures applied

G-3  LEGAL ENTITIES AND PERSONS IN CHARGE, BY TYPE OF DECISION, 2021

Legal entities

Persons in charge

NOTES ON METHODOLOGY

Source and methods of data collection

On the basis of the Official Statistics Act (NN, No. 25/20), data on misdemeanours committed by adult and juvenile persons as well as by legal entities and persons in charge are collected by regular statistical surveys, which use the following statistical reports: the Statistical Report for Accused Adult against Whom Misdemeanour Proceedings Have Been Validly Concluded (SPK-1 form), the Statistical Report for Accused Juvenile against Whom Misdemeanour Proceedings Have Been Validly Concluded (SPK-2 form) and the Statistical Report for Legal Entity and Person in Charge against Whom Misdemeanour Proceedings Have Been Validly Concluded (SPK-3 form).

Statistical reports are filled in by competent municipal courts as well as by competent state administration bodies, authorised to adjudicate in misdemeanour proceedings: tax administration offices, regional customs offices, harbour master’s offices, management body of air traffic and financial inspectorate.

The Misdemeanour Act (NN, Nos 107/07, 39/13, 157/13, 110/15, 70/17 and 118/18) was put into effect on 1 January 2008 and, since then, it has been applied in statistical surveys.

Coverage

Statistical surveys cover all perpetrators of misdemeanours – adults, juveniles, legal entities and persons in charge – in order to examine the volume and spread of misdemeanours for the whole territory of the Republic of Croatia.

Definitions

Misdemeanours are conducts that violate or threaten public order, social discipline or other social values guaranteed and protected by the Constitution of the Republic of Croatia, national and international laws, the protection of which is not possible without the misdemeanour system of sanctions and is not achieved through the penal coercion.

In regard of statistical surveys, misdemeanours cover an occurrence that starts with reporting a committed misdemeanour and ends with a valid conclusion of proceedings done by a competent misdemeanour body.

Adult perpetrator of misdemeanour is a person who turned 18 at the time of committing a misdemeanour, and against whom misdemeanour proceedings have been validly concluded by either a decision on termination of the proceedings, judgement on rejection of charges, judgement of acquittal, or a decision by which a person is found guilty.

Juvenile perpetrator of misdemeanour is a person who, at the time of committing a misdemeanour, turned 14 but not yet 18 years of age, and against whom misdemeanour proceedings have been validly concluded by either a decision on termination of the proceedings, decision by which person is found guilty (juveniles between 16 and18 years of age who were sentenced by juvenile imprisonment or fine).

According to the Misdemeanour Act (NN, Nos 107/07, 39/13, 157/13, 110/15, 70/17 and 118/18), educational measure is applied to a juvenile perpetrator of misdemeanour by court‘s decision. In the pronunciation of the decision, it is only stated which measure is applied, but the juvenile perpetrator is not pronounced guilty of the committed misdemeanour.

Person in charge – perpetrator of misdemeanour is a person in charge (director, accountant manager, cashier etc.) in a legal entity (trade company, state body etc.) against whom misdemeanour proceedings have been validly concluded by either a decision on termination of the proceedings, judgement on rejection of charges, judgement of acquittal, or a decision by which person is found guilty.

Legal entities – perpetrators of misdemeanours are domestic legal entities (for example, trade companies, state bodies, unions and alike) as well as foreign entities considered as legal entities under Croatian law, against which misdemeanour proceedings have been validly concluded by either a decision on termination of the proceedings, judgement on rejection of charges, judgement of acquittal, or a decision by which legal entity has been find responsible.

 

Abbreviations          
NN Narodne novine, official gazette of the Republic of Croatia
Symbols  
- no occurrence

 

 

Published by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Zagreb, Ilica 3, P. O. B. 80
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Dubravka Rogić Hadžalić, Director of Demographic and Social Statistics Directorate
Lidija Brković, Director General

Prepared by:
Maja Martinac Turčinović and Mario Vlajčević

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