ADULT PERPETRATORS OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES BY TYPE OF DECISION, 2020
In 2020, public prosecutor’s offices in the Republic of Croatia decided upon crime reports for 48 272 adult perpetrators of criminal offences, which was 8.4% less than in 2019. The number of accused persons decreased by 10.6% and the number of convicted persons by 10.5%, as compared to the previous year.
The share of persons reported for criminal offences against property, which was the most frequent type of offence in 2020, was 52.6%, of accused persons it was 30.8% and of convicted persons it was 31.9%. They were followed by criminal offences against personal freedom, with 11.6% of reported, 15.4% of accused and 14.9% of convicted perpetrators.
By type of pronounced criminal penalties or other measures, the most frequent one was suspended imprisonment (80.5%), followed by unsuspended imprisonment (16.6%), suspended fine (1.2%) and unsuspended fine (0.8%).
1. ADULT PERPETRATORS OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES – REPORTED, ACCUSED AND CONVICTED
Reported
Accused
Convicted
Total
Women
Total
Women
Total
Women
2019.
52 670
5 240
15 230
2 021
13 002
1 691
2020.
48 272
5 347
13 615
1 904
11 634
1 565
Indices 2020. 2019.
91,6
102,0
89,4
94,2
89,5
92,5
2. DECISIONS OF PUBLIC PROSECUTOR’S OFFICES, BY TYPE OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES, 2020
Total
Criminal offences against
Life and limb
Personal freedom
Sexual freedom
Sexual maltreatment and sexual exploitation of children
Marriage, family and children
People˙s health
Public safety
Safety in traffic
Total
48 272
1 762
5 615
287
252
2 821
1 141
479
1 255
Unknown perpetrators
19 711
149
263
38
44
9
24
135
44
Known perpetrators
28 561
1 613
5 352
249
208
2 812
1 117
344
1 211
Women
5 347
176
694
7
6
750
100
36
237
Reports rejected
12 534
612
2 642
94
34
1 223
140
122
231
Interrupted investigation
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Terminated investigation
288
27
17
25
9
5
38
4
12
Indictment
15 735
974
2 693
130
165
1 584
939
218
968
Immediate – overall
13 124
793
2 595
65
66
1 551
352
170
843
Without warrant
6 978
482
1 369
43
59
1 238
227
79
158
With warrant
6 146
311
1 226
22
7
313
125
91
685
After investigation
2 521
170
63
64
99
24
584
46
125
Against mentally incompetent defendant
90
11
35
1
-
9
3
2
-
Duration of investigative imprisonment
2 645
226
606
56
51
238
231
29
22
Under 15 days
242
17
48
5
3
13
15
3
6
15 – 30 days
1 343
82
398
19
15
136
74
10
6
1 – 2 months
492
43
104
12
9
59
47
9
5
2 – 3 months
314
26
42
8
10
27
51
1
4
3 – 6 months
163
44
13
9
11
3
23
2
1
6 – 12 months
91
14
1
3
3
-
21
4
-
2. DECISIONS OF PUBLIC PROSECUTOR’S OFFICES, BY TYPE OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES, 2020
(continued)
Criminal offences against
Other criminal offences
Secondary criminal legislation (apart from Penal Code)
Indices 2020. 2019.
Property
Economy
Counterfeiting
Official duty
Judiciary
Public order
Total
25 421
1 655
1 578
1 484
847
1 677
1 950
48
91,6
Unknown perpetrators
17 589
28
370
31
29
88
870
-
80,2
Known perpetrators
7 832
1 627
1 208
1 453
818
1 589
1 080
48
101,6
Women
1 482
303
271
593
278
148
262
4
102,0
Reports rejected
3 252
875
420
1 329
614
281
662
3
101,4
Interrupted investigation
-
1
-
1
-
-
2
-
40,0
Terminated investigation
63
41
5
9
7
19
7
-
99,3
Indictment
4 517
710
783
114
197
1 289
409
45
101,8
Immediate – overall
4 058
436
745
32
181
794
399
44
102,3
Without warrant
2 211
201
200
18
59
495
139
-
101,5
With warrant
1 847
235
545
14
122
299
260
44
103,3
After investigation
443
274
38
82
16
483
9
1
98,2
Against mentally incompetent defendant
16
-
-
-
-
12
1
-
152,5
Duration of investigative imprisonment
462
97
91
11
22
483
19
1
92,5
Under 15 days
23
25
23
4
2
51
4
-
80,7
15 – 30 days
271
33
46
5
15
223
9
1
92,0
1 – 2 months
75
22
6
2
2
93
4
-
80,9
2 – 3 months
56
5
5
-
1
76
2
-
97,8
3 – 6 months
29
7
3
-
-
18
-
-
143,0
6 – 12 months
8
5
8
-
2
22
-
-
165,4
3. COURTS DECISIONS AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES OR OTHER MEASURES, BY TYPE OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES, 2020
Total
Criminal offences against
Life and limb
Personal freedom
Sexual freedom
Sexual maltreatment and sexual exploitation of children
Marriage, family and children
People˙s health
Public safety
Safety in traffic
Total
13 615
838
2 101
119
110
1 060
655
171
958
Women
1 904
61
207
2
5
209
46
14
182
Convicted persons
11 634
695
1 733
99
99
940
592
124
899
Women
1 565
45
162
2
4
176
42
9
174
Not convicted persons
1 981
143
368
20
11
120
63
47
59
Rebuff
98
8
16
-
1
1
-
1
1
Terminated criminal proceeding
743
63
135
3
3
63
21
20
19
Judgement of acquittal
689
38
73
11
4
19
33
17
21
Judgement rejecting charges
319
9
88
4
1
22
7
7
18
Mentally incompetent persons – coercive accommodation or outward treatment
132
25
56
2
2
15
2
2
-
Criminal penalties and other measures – total
11 634
695
1 733
99
99
940
592
124
899
Imprisonment – unsuspended
1 935
147
171
39
52
64
194
12
79
Long-term imprisonment
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20 years
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
15 – 20 years
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10 – 15 years
9
6
-
1
2
-
-
-
-
5 – 10 years
40
8
-
4
8
-
6
-
1
3 – 5 years
128
21
1
8
15
1
19
1
7
2 – 3 years
115
7
1
5
3
1
30
1
4
1 – 2 years
375
17
18
10
9
20
32
3
15
6 – 12 months
1 014
67
131
7
15
35
103
6
44
3 – 6 months
232
15
19
3
-
7
4
1
8
Up to 3 months
15
-
1
1
-
-
-
-
-
Fine – unsuspended
98
2
8
-
-
-
1
-
32
Suspended imprisonment
9 366
530
1 539
60
38
876
363
109
749
Partially suspended imprisonment
554
33
41
7
8
42
80
2
25
Suspended fine
135
4
12
-
1
-
-
-
32
Judicial admonition
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Educational measures
42
6
3
-
3
-
10
1
1
Juvenile imprisonment
5
1
-
-
1
-
1
-
2
Suspension of juvenile imprisonment
46
5
-
-
4
-
23
-
1
Convicted, but no penal sentence
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
3
Fine as additional penalty
323
7
12
-
-
7
57
-
2
Security measures
694
68
228
8
10
102
32
6
89
Confiscation of pecuniary benefit acquired by a criminal offence
804
3
-
8
1
-
128
-
-
Confiscation of objects
1 848
68
87
10
20
9
434
10
3
Substitution of imprisonment or fine (community sanctions)
574
43
56
2
9
19
80
2
32
Previous convictions
2 995
136
399
22
22
207
149
14
43
Duration of investigative imprisonment
2 452
213
415
55
47
171
226
19
19
Under 30 days
741
52
123
23
9
48
59
5
14
30 days – 3 months
729
63
176
12
5
68
43
7
3
3 – 6 months
578
35
99
2
9
45
53
5
1
6 – 12 months
290
32
16
11
8
9
52
-
1
12 – 18 months
58
12
1
4
7
1
6
2
-
18 – 24 months
26
7
-
1
3
-
11
-
-
2 – 4 years
30
12
-
2
6
-
2
-
-
3. COURTS DECISIONS AND CRIMINAL PENALTIES OR OTHER MEASURES, BY TYPE OF CRIMINAL OFFENCES, 2020
(continued)
Criminal offences against
Other criminal offences
Secondary criminal legislation (apart from Penal Code)
Indices 2020. 2019.
Property
Economy
Counterfeiting
Official duty
Judiciary
Public order
Total
4 194
693
673
220
146
990
663
24
89,4
Women
674
113
105
49
34
56
138
9
94,2
Convicted persons
3 708
515
631
143
117
945
374
20
89,5
Women
596
85
99
32
24
53
55
7
92,5
Not convicted persons
486
178
42
77
29
45
289
4
88,9
Rebuff
17
4
1
5
5
-
37
1
102,1
Terminated criminal proceeding
193
61
16
7
8
17
114
-
85,8
Judgement of acquittal
171
87
20
49
15
14
114
3
101,3
Judgement rejecting charges
84
26
5
16
1
7
24
-
68,9
Mentally incompetent persons – coercive accommodation or outward treatment
21
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
107,3
Criminal penalties and other measures – total
3 708
515
631
143
117
945
374
20
89,5
Imprisonment – unsuspended
749
92
39
42
9
209
37
-
81,6
Long-term imprisonment
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
120,0
20 years
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
15 – 20 years
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10 – 15 years
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
56,3
5 – 10 years
7
1
-
-
-
-
5
-
102,6
3 – 5 years
33
6
-
-
-
13
3
-
109,4
2 – 3 years
34
5
-
4
-
18
2
-
83,3
1 – 2 years
156
19
4
6
1
63
2
-
87,0
6 – 12 months
395
51
23
25
4
95
13
-
75,6
3 – 6 months
115
7
12
7
4
19
11
-
86,2
Up to 3 months
9
3
-
-
-
1
-
-
107,1
Fine – unsuspended
16
12
2
-
-
-
24
1
79,0
Suspended imprisonment
2 914
401
586
101
108
721
258
13
91,5
Partially suspended imprisonment
132
23
5
9
1
142
4
-
107,4
Suspended fine
8
10
2
-
-
7
53
6
76,3
Judicial admonition
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Educational measures
12
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
123,5
Juvenile imprisonment
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
100,0
Suspension of juvenile imprisonment
9
-
2
-
-
2
-
-
102,2
Convicted, but no penal sentence
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
77,8
Fine as additional penalty
42
48
6
5
-
129
8
-
70,7
Security measures
102
3
1
17
1
22
5
-
91,0
Confiscation of pecuniary benefit acquired by a criminal offence
394
109
8
30
-
101
22
-
79,1
Confiscation of objects
255
159
313
4
6
424
46
-
93,6
Substitution of imprisonment or fine (community sanctions)
198
37
15
26
-
47
8
-
65,9
Previous convictions
1 458
132
81
10
39
200
79
4
90,8
Duration of investigative imprisonment
576
83
93
47
14
447
27
-
92,5
Under 30 days
170
46
64
37
3
76
12
-
81,5
30 days – 3 months
159
20
23
8
8
126
8
-
89,1
3 – 6 months
170
7
6
1
2
140
3
-
110,1
6 – 12 months
62
9
-
-
1
87
2
-
96,3
12 – 18 months
7
1
-
1
-
15
1
-
131,8
18 – 24 months
1
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
83,9
2 – 4 years
7
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
130,4
G-1. REPORTED, ACCUSED AND CONVICTED ADULT PERSONS, 2019 AND 2020
Number of persons
Source: Croatian Bureau of Statistics
G-2. CONVICTED ADULT PERSONS, BY CRIMINAL PENALTIES OR OTHER MEASURES, 2020
Source: Croatian Bureau of Statistics
G-3. REPORTED, ACCUSED AND CONVICTED ADULT PERSONS, 2011 – 2020
Number of persons
Source: Croatian Bureau of Statistics
NOTES ON METHODOLOGY
Source and methods of data collection
On the basis of the Official Statistics Act (NN, No. 25/20), data on criminal offences of adult reported, accused and convicted persons are collected by regular statistical surveys, which use the following statistical reports: the Statistical Report for an Adult against Whom Criminal Proceedings Based on Crime Report and the Interlocutory Proceedings Have Been Concluded (SK-1 form) and the Statistical Report for an Accused Adult against Whom Criminal Proceedings Have Been Validly Concluded (SK-2 form).
Statistical reports are filled in by competent public prosecutor’s offices after the final decision has taken place as well as county and municipal courts of first instance that act after the criminal procedure was validly concluded. Observation units are adult perpetrators of criminal offences, who can be either direct perpetrators, accomplices, instigators or assistants.
On 1 January 2013, the new Penal Code (NN, Nos 125/11, 144/12, 56/15, 61/15 – correction, 101/17, 118/18 and 126/19) entered into force. This code, besides implementing new and modifying existing general institutes of material criminal law, prescribes a new catalogue of criminal offences.
Coverage
Statistical surveys cover all adult perpetrators of criminal offences, whether reported, accused or convicted, in order to examine the volume and spread of crime for the whole territory of the Republic of Croatia.
Definitions
Crime, in terms of statistical surveys, ranges from reporting a criminal offence to the valid conclusion of legal proceedings by a public prosecutor’s office, that is, to pronouncing a valid court decision.
Adult perpetrators of criminal offences are persons who turned 18 at the time of committing the criminal offence and against whom proceedings based on crime report and interlocutory proceedings have been concluded and accused persons (including those who were charged on the basis of private suit) against whom legal proceedings have been validly concluded.
Person reported as known perpetrator is an adult perpetrator of a criminal offence against whom proceedings based on crime report and interlocutory proceedings have been concluded with a decision by which either the crime report is rejected, or the investigation was interrupted, or the investigation was terminated, or indictment was submitted.
Person reported as an unknown perpetrator is, starting with the 2015 reference year, an unknown person who was reported for a criminal offence to the public prosecutor. Until the end of 2014 reference year, an unknown perpetrator was defined as an unknown person who was reported for a criminal offence to the public prosecutor and who remains unknown even after one year from the day of the submission of the crime report. This change is expected to have a limited influence on data on total reported perpetrators as well as on reported unknown perpetrators, as it can be expected that a certain number of initially unknown perpetrators’ identities will be revealed during the same year, consequently resulting in double counting.
Accused person is an adult person against whom an indictment, accusatory motion or private suit is filed before the court, against whom criminal proceedings have been concluded with a valid court decision by which the proceedings are terminated, indictment is dropped, the person is acquitted, the accusation is rejected, a mentally incompetent person is assigned to a coercive accommodation or outward treatment or a perpetrator is convicted.
Younger adult person is a person who turned 18 but not yet 21 years of age at the time of committing a criminal offence to whom court may pronounce educational measures consisting of special obligations, increased supervision and juvenile imprisonment. In case a perpetrator did not turn 21 years of age, the court may also pronounce educational measure of assignment to a centre for disciplinary development and correctional institution measure. To a perpetrator who turns 21 years of age during the trial, a court may pronounce imprisonment instead of juvenile imprisonment sentence, within the boundaries that apply for the duration of the juvenile imprisonment.
Convicted person is a convicted adult person against whom the following criminal penalties or other measures have been pronounced: imprisonment, fine, educational measures, judicial admonition (milder act principle) and a convicted person, but no sentence has been imposed.
Abbreviations
NN
Narodne novine, official gazette of the Republic of Croatia
Symbols
-
no occurrence
0,0
value not zero but less than 0.05 of the unit of measure used
Published by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Zagreb, Ilica 3, P. O. B. 80. Phone: (+385 1) 4806-111, Fax: (+385 1) 4817-666 Press corner: press@dzs.hr
Persons responsible: Dubravka Rogić Hadžalić, Director of Demographic and Social Statistics Directorate Lidija Brković, Director General
Prepared by: Gordana Finzir, Vesna Đikanović i Mario Vlajčević
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