First Release

Year: LVIII.

Zagreb, 24 May 2021

KUL-2021-4-1

ISSN 1334-0557

CINEMATOGRAPHY, 2020

In 2020, there were 75 cinemas operating. Out of the total number of permanent cinemas, 46 were equipped with one screen and 22 with more screens. There were 18 autonomous cinemas and 57 cinemas that were parts of other business entities, as follows: 11 of them operated as parts of film showing companies, 34 as parts of cultural/educational institutions (homes of culture, public and open universities, etc.) and 12 as parts of other institutions/companies.

Impact of the pandemic crisis on the operation of cinemas

Due to the closure of all cultural/educational institutions in 2020, the largest number of cinemas, as much as 51%, operated from seven to ten months in 2020. Compared to 2019, the number of screenings decreased by 48% and attendance by 70%. At the county level, there was a significant drop in the number of screenings and attendance, except in the County of Karlovac, where the number of screenings and attendance increased compared to 2019.

It is interesting to note that the opposite trend prevailed in open-air cinemas, of which there are six in the Republic of Croatia. They had 108% more screenings and 53% more visitors than in 2019. It is evident that, in these circumstances, due to epidemiological measures, a lot more visitors chose to watch films outdoors. Furthermore, exceptionally in this year of the pandemic, five cinemas with permanent screens, in addition to their standard indoor screenings, had guest open-air screenings.

The share of screenings and attendance of domestic films in 2020 was 2%.

Significant decline in ticket sale revenue

In addition to the decrease in screenings and attendance, projectionists had a significant decline in ticket sale revenue in 2020. The total gross revenue was 70% lower in 2020 than in the previous year.

Open-air and mobile cinemas had the lowest decline in ticket sale revenue, where the decline amounted to 11% compared to 2019.

Furthermore, a significant decline is noticeable in alternative content in cinemas, such as ballets, operas, concerts, and a drastic decline in revenue from such content, which generated only 19% of revenue compared to the previous year.

The decline in revenue inevitably caused a decline in the number of persons in employment in cinemas in 2020, of 14% compared to the previous year.

G-1 CINEMAS, BY COUNTIES, 2020

1 CINEMAS, SEATS, SCREENINGS, ATTENDANCE AND PERSONS IN EMPLOYMENT, BY COUNTIES, 2020

County of	Cinemas	Screens	Seats	Number of screenings	Attendance	Persons in employment
County of	Cinemas	Screens	Seats	Number of screenings	Attendance	Total	Of that, full-time
Republic of Croatia	75	174	34 303	99 106	1 503 306	451	390
Zagreb	3	4	838	1 036	24 121	14	14
Krapina-Zagorje	1	1	234	113	2 081	3	2
Sisak-Moslavina	4	4	1 308	473	12 808	29	29
Karlovac	2	2	609	136	5 378	4	4
Varaždin	3	8	1 162	4 390	60 223	9	9
Koprivnica-Križevci	1	1	192	755	11 112	4	4
Bjelovar-Bilogora	2	2	433	677	20 718	10	10
Primorje-Gorski kotar	8	17	3 758	7 429	125 413	48	45
Lika-Senj	2	2	467	111	4 072	6	6
Virovitica-Podravina	1	2	316	271	4 696	7	7
Požega-Slavonia	1	1	290	87	1 233	9	1
Slavonski Brod-Posavina	1	4	512	3 353	31 528	6	6
Zadar	1	6	980	5 049	49 176	5	5
Osijek-Baranja	5	13	2 536	8 765	95 115	23	22
Šibenik-Knin	2	6	857	4 378	31 209	7	6
Vukovar-Sirmium	1	3	419	2 539	16 595	6	6
Split-Dalmatia	15	33	6 105	17 046	236 612	86	51
Istria	6	8	1 793	3 914	68 240	23	18
Dubrovnik-Neretva	6	8	2 425	3 401	45 003	43	37
Međimurje	2	2	426	419	9 459	25	24
City of Zagreb	8	47	8 643	34 764	648 514	84	84

2 CINEMAS, BY TYPE, ORGANISATIONAL FRAME AND NUMBER OF SCREENS, 2020

	Cinemas		By organisational frame				Number of screens
	Total	Digitised	Autonomous	As part of
	Total	Digitised	Autonomous	Film showing companies	Cultural/ educational institutions	Other institutions/ companies
Total	75	75	18	11	34	12	174
Permanent, with one screen	46	46	7	2	27	10	46
Permanent, with more screens	22	22	10	9	3	-	122
Open-air	6	6	1	-	4	1	6
Mobile	1	1	-	-	-	1	-

3 CINEMAS, BY TYPE AND NUMBER OF MONTHS WHEN SCREENINGS WERE SHOWN, 2020

	Total	Cinemas, by months when screenings were shown
	Total	Occasionally	2 months and less	3 – 4	5 – 6	7 – 8	9 – 10	11	During whole year
Total	75	-	3	8	5	24	14	7	14
Permanent, with one screen	46	-	1	5	5	8	12	5	10
Permanent, with more screens	22	-	-	-	-	15	1	2	4
Open-air	6	-	2	3	-	-	1	-	-
Mobile	1	-	-	-	-	1	-	-	-

4 CINEMAS, BY TYPE AND AVERAGE NUMBER OF SCREENINGS PER WEEK, 2020

	Total	Cinemas, by average number of screenings per week
	Total	1 – 3	4 – 10	11 – 20	21 – 40	41 – 100	101 – 200	201 and more
Total	75	28	23	5	3	4	6	6
Permanent, with one screen	46	23	18	3	2	-	-	-
Permanent, with more screens	22	1	3	1	1	4	6	6
Open-air	6	3	2	1	-	-	-	-
Mobile	1	1	-	-	-	-	-	-

5 CINEMAS, BY TYPE, NUMBER OF SEATS, SCREENINGS AND ATTENDANCE, 2020

	Cinemas	Seats	Number of screenings			Attendance
	Cinemas	Seats	Total	Domestic films	Foreign films	Total	Domestic films	Foreign films
Total	75	34 303	99 106	2 422	96 648	1 503 306	31 953	1 471 353
Permanent, with one screen	46	11 876	9 031	549	8 482	211 914	13 168	198 746
Permanent, with more screens	22	20 636	89 189	1 802	87 348	1 253 869	14 843	1 239 026
Open-air	6	1 791	822	56	766	33 295	3 177	30 118
Mobile	1	-	64	15	49	4 228	765	3 463

5.1 CINEMAS WITH OCCASIONAL OPEN-AIR SCREENINGS, 2020

	Cinemas	Number of locations	Number of screenings	Attendance
Total	5	24	31	2 960
Permanent, with one screen	3	20	27	2 562
Permanent, with more screens	2	4	4	398

6 CINEMAS, BY NUMBER OF SEATS, 2020

Cinemas	Number of seats
Cinemas	100 and less	101 – 200	201 – 300	301 – 400	401 – 500	501 – 600	601 – 1 000	1 001 – 1 500	1 501 – 2 000	2 001 and more
74	5	13	21	10	6	5	7	3	3	1
	Structure, %
100	7	18	28	14	8	7	9	4	4	1

7 CINEMAS, BY TYPE, PERSONS IN EMPLOYMENT BY SEX AND WORKING TIME, PROJECTIONISTS AND VOLUNTEERS, 2020

	Persons in employment			Full-time			Volunteers
	Total	Of that		Total	Of that
	Total	Women	Projectionists	Total	Women	Projectionists
Total	451	240	74	390	219	69	41
Permanent, with one screen	233	113	49	189	95	45	27
Permanent, with more screens	179	114	20	177	114	19	-
Open-air	34	12	5	19	9	5	11
Mobile	5	1	-	5	1	-	3

8 CINEMAS AND CINEMA PROJECTORS, BY TYPE AND YEAR OF PRODUCTION, 2020

	Cinemas by number of projectors				Projectors
	Total	With one projector	With two projectors	With three or more projectors	Total	By film width				By year of production
	Total	With one projector	With two projectors	With three or more projectors	Total	16 mm	35 mm	70 mm	Digital	Until 1990	1991 – 2010	2011 – 2019
Total	75	36	17	22	208	2	22	-	184	9	38	161
Permanent, with one screen	46	30	11	5	72	2	18	-	52	9	14	49
Permanent, with more screens	22	1	4	17	127	-	4	-	123	-	23	104
Open-air	6	5	1	-	7	-	-	-	7	-	1	6
Mobile	1	-	1	-	2	-	-	-	2	-	-	2

9 TICKET SALE REVENUE, COMPARISON OF 2019 AND 2020

	Ticket sale revenue, 2019			Ticket sale revenue, 2020			Share of ticket sale revenue in 2020 compared to 2019 (%)
	Regular cinema content		Alternative content, gross	Regular cinema content		Alternative content, gross revenue	Regular cinema content		Alternative content, gross
	Gross	Net	Alternative content, gross	Gross	Net	Alternative content, gross revenue	Gross revenue	Net revenue	Alternative content, gross
Total	160 365 123	152 799 361	1 351 524	47 474 883	45 219 145	252 302	29,6	29,6	18,7
Permanent, with one screen	11 735 344	11 179 741	561 286	4 275 031	4 085 886	39 119	36,4	36,5	7
Permanent, with more screens	147 832 398	140 860 226	790 238	42 573 429	40 537 756	208 758	28,8	28,8	26,4
Open-air and mobile	797 381	759 394	-	626 423	595 503	4 425	78,6	78,4	-

10 FILMS AND VIDEO FILMS PROVIDED, BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN, 2020

	Films − total¹⁾	Country of origin
	Films − total¹⁾	Croatia	Czech Republic	France	Ireland	Italy	Canada	Netherlands	Germany	Norveška	USA	Spain	Switzerland	United Kingdom	Other countries
Film distributors	797	21	4	108	4	20	20	2	35	16	350	17	2	74	124²⁾
Video film distributors	1 377	478	125	72	28	17	64	79	71	14	222	7	15	67	118³⁾

1) Data refer to all films provided in 2020, irrespective of when rights for their commercial exploitation have been bought.
2) Other countries: Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Greece, Hong Kong – China, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Mexico, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden, Thailand and Turkey.
3) Other countries: Afghanistan, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, China, Denmark, Finland, Hong Kong – China, Iceland, Iran, Japan, Lebanon, Mexico, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovenia, South Africa, South Korea and Sweden.

NOTES ON METHODOLOGY

Sources and methods of data collection

Data are the result of the processing of annual reports filled in by cinemas on the KINO-1 form, the Annual Report on Film Production, by business entities engaged in the distribution of films on the KINO-5 form, the Annual Report on the Distribution of Feature Films and publishers of video works on the NKL-5/1 form, the Annual Report on Audio-Visual Works.

Coverage and comparability

The statistical survey covers cinemas, business entities engaged in turnover/distribution of films and publishers of video works. Data are comparable to those from previous years.

Definitions and explanations

Cinema is an auditorium or an open-air space equipped with facilities for public showing of films.

Permanent cinemas show films in a permanent auditorium equipped with a cinema projector, film screen and seats.

Open-air cinemas show films on a permanent open-air space.

Mobile cinemas do not have a fixed auditorium, but show films at their headquarters or outside of it, either in an auditorium or at an open-air space.

Cinema show is a public screening of a film programme, a projection of a feature film, with or without an addition, lasting for approximately 120 minutes.

Film production companies and TV centres produce feature and short films independently or in co-production.

Audio-visual works (films and video films) are cinematographic or similar works that are filmed by using a method corresponding to cinematography, irrespective of the filming technique and contents.

Territorial constitution

Data by counties are presented according to the Act on the Territories of Counties, Towns and Municipalities in the Republic of Croatia (NN, No. 86/06, 125/06, 16/07, 95/08, 46/10, 145/10, 37/13, 44/13, 45/13 and 110/15) with the situation as on 31 December 2020.

Abbreviations

mm	millimetre
NN	Narodne novine, official gazette of the Republic of Croatia
USA	United States of America

Symbols

-	no occurrence

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