First Release

Year: LVIII.
Zagreb, 17 December 2021
OEN-2021-1-7

ISSN 1334-0557

ECONOMIC MATERIAL FLOW ACCOUNTS, 2016 – 2020

 

Economic material flow accounts that include domestic extraction, intra-EU and extra-EU import and export as well as domestic processed output for the Republic of Croatia are presented for the period from 2016 to 2020.

In 2020, the value of the direct material input was 62 462 thousand tonnes (67.8% from domestic sources and 32.2% from import), which was 1.3% more than in 2019.

Domestic material consumption in 2020 was 42 974 thousand tonnes, which was 2.5% less than in 2019.

The import of materials in 2020 amounted to 20 130 thousand tonnes, which means it did not change significantly compared to 2019. The export of materials was amounted to 19 488 thousand tonnes, which is an increase of 10.7% compared to the previous year, due to which the physical trade balance was 74.7% lower than in 2019.

1 DOMESTIC EXTRACTION1)

'000 tonnes

      2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Total 40.861 40.177 41.229 41.544 42.332
Biomass 15.727 14.410 15255 15.557 16.006
Non-metallic minerals 22.988 23.744 24166 24.362 25.003
Fossil energy materials/carriers 2.146 2.023 1808 1.625 1.323

1) New calculations according to the recommended Eurostat methodology are used each year to calculate material flow. Therefore, some data are not comparable to the data from the First Release 6.1.7./2020.

2 IMPORT OF CROATIA – INTRA-EU + EXTRA-EU TRADE

'000 tonnes

     2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Total1) 18.294 18.890 18.890 20.139 20.130
Biomass and biomass products 3.987 4.232 4.388 4.689 4.510
Metal ores and concentrates, raw and processed 1.956 1.991 2.122 2.352 2.437
Non-metallic minerals, raw and processed 3.971 4.141 4.140 4.854 5.264
Fossil energy materials/carriers, raw and processed 7.318 7.370 7.003 6.944 6.649
Other products 1.061 1.155 1.235 1.294 1.246
Waste imported for final treatment and disposal 1 0 0 5 23

1) The sum total of some values does not equal the sum of items due to the expression of numbers in thousands.

3 EXPORT OF CROATIA – INTRA-EU + EXTRA-EU TRADE

'000 tonnes

      2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Total1) 16.981 17.841 17.469 17.601 19.488
Biomass and biomass products 7.011 7.416 6.937 7.433 7.617
Metal ores and concentrates, raw and processed 1.122 1.359 1.398 1.477 1.533
Non-metallic minerals, raw and processed 5.662 5.641 5.674 5.380 5.522
Fossil energy materials/carriers, raw and processed 2.626 2.859 2.907 2.723 4.246
Other products 544 558 542 578 558
Waste imported for final treatment and disposal 17 9 11 9 12

1) The sum total of some values does not equal the sum of items due to the expression of numbers in thousands.

4 DOMESTIC PROCESSED OUTPUT1)

'000 tonnes

      2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Emissions to air 25.233 25.804 24.905 25.145 24.883
Waste disposal to controlled landfills 1.755 1.684 1.602 1.605 1.600
Emissions to water 49 49 47 40 40
Dissipative use of products2) 1.439 1.587 1.619 1.597 1.590
Dissipative losses 1 1 1 1 1

1) New calculations according to the recommended Eurostat methodology are used each year to calculate material flow. Therefore, some data are not comparable to the data from the First Release 6.1.7./2020.

2) Dissipative use of products includes the use of mineral and organic fertilizers, sewage sludge, compost and pesticides.

5 MATERIAL FLOW INDICATORS, 2020

'000 tonnes

      Domestic extraction Import Export Direct material input Domestic material consumption Physical trade balance
1 2 3 4 = 1 + 2 5 = 4 - 3 6 = 2 - 3 
Materials, total1) 42.332 20.130 19.488 62.462 42.974 642
Biomass and biomass products 16.006 4.510 7.617 20.516 12.899 -3.107
Metal ores and concentrates, raw and processed 0 2.437 1.533 2.437 904 904
Non-metallic minerals, raw and processed 25.003 5.264 5.522 30.267 24.745 -258
Fossil energy materials/carriers, raw and processed 1.323 6.649 4.246 7.972 3.726 2.403
Other products 0 1.246 558 1.246 688 688
Waste 0 23 12 23 11 11

1) The sum total of some values does not equal the sum of items due to the expression of numbers in thousands.

6 MATERIAL FLOW INDICATORS, 2016 – 20201)

'000 tonnes

     2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Domestic extraction (DEU) 40.861 40.177 41.229 41.544 42.332
Import 18.294 18.890 18.890 20.139 20.130
Export 16.981 17.841 17.469 17.601 19.488
Direct material input 59.155 59.067 60.119 61.683 62.462
Domestic material consumption 42.174 41.226 42.650 44.082 42.974
Physical trade balance 1.313 1.049 1.420 2.538 642

1) New calculations according to the recommended Eurostat methodology are used each year to calculate material flows. Therefore, some data are not comparable to the data from the First Release 6.1.7./2020.

G-1 MATERIAL FLOW INDICATORS, 2016 – 2020

NOTES ON METHODOLOGY

Sources and methods of data collection

The source of data on the economic material flow accounts is the Croatian Bureau of Statistics.

The economic material flow accounts are one of the several physical modules of the Eurostat’s programme of European environmental economic accounts. They are covered by the Regulation (EU) No 691/2011 of the European Parliament and the Council of 6 July 2011 on European environmental economic accounts.

Economy-wide material flow accounts (EW-MFA) record flows of natural inputs (domestic extraction of materials) and products (import, export) in a detailed breakdown by approximately 50 material categories. Material flow data presented in this First Release employ the following main material categories:

1. Biomass and biomass products: crops and products thereof, crop residues and fodder crops
2. Metal ores and concentrates and products thereof
3. Non-metallic minerals and products thereof
4. Fossil energy material/carriers and products thereof (coal, petroleum, gas etc.)
5. Other products and waste.

 

Definitions

Biomass refers to the biodegradable components of products, waste and residue of agriculture (including plant and animal matter), forestry and wood industries, as well as biodegradable parts of municipal and industrial waste, the energy usage of which is allowed.

Minerals are natural homogeneous bodies of permanent chemical composition and determined physical characteristics that occur in specific geometric forms (crystals) or undetermined physical characteristics.

Ore is a mineral aggregate from which it is technically viable and economically justifiable to produce metals and/or other minerals usable in industry.

Concentrates are products of ore enrichment that have a significantly increased metal content compared to ore contents and are appropriate for further metallurgic processing and production of metal.

Non-metallic mineral raw material are raw materials which do not produce new raw materials as a result of melting, and are usually integrated in sedimentary rocks (quartz raw materials, clay, salt, dolomite, phosphorite, graphite, bauxite and cement raw materials).

Fossil energy materials/carriers are produced naturally beneath Earth’s surface during a long period of time from biological remains. Fossil fuels are not renewable energy sources. There are three main forms of fossil fuels: coal, petroleum and natural gas.

Waste is every substance or object that was, is going to be or has to be discarded by its owner. Every discarded object and substance the gathering, transport and processing of which are necessary for the protection of the public interest is considered waste.

Domestic extraction used (DEU) is the annual amount of raw materials (except for water and air) extracted from the natural environment to be used in the economy.

Domestic material consumption (DMC) is defined as the total amount of material directly used in the economy.

Domestic material consumption (DMC) = domestic extraction used + import – export

Direct material input (DMI) = domestic extraction used + import

Physical trade balance (PTB) is calculated by subtracting the amount of export in physical units from the amount of import in physical units, as follows:

- physical trade balance (PTB) = import – export.

 

Abbreviations  
   
EU European Union
EUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European Communities
‘000 thousand

 

Symbols  
   
0 value not zero but less than 0.5 of the unit of measure used

 

Published by the Croatian Bureau of Statistics, Zagreb, Ilica 3, P. O. B. 80.

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Persons responsible:
Edita Omerzo, Director of Spatial Statistics Directorate
Lidija Brković, Director General

Prepared by:
Darko Jukić, Gordana Lepčević, Željka Kovaček Čuklić and Bernarda Šimunić


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